Fig. 3. Aging increases neuroinflammation and microglial activation in the mouse hippocampus.
(A) Western blot analysis and quantification of LCN2 and GFAP in the mouse hippocampus of 6-, 12-, and 24-month-old-mice. β-actin was used as a loading control. (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of the hippocampal CA1 region showing LCN2 (green) and GFAP (red). The highly magnified images in the white boxes are shown. Scale bar = 50 μm (insert, 10 μm). (C) Western blot analysis and quantification of IL-1β and Iba-1 in the hippocampus of 6-, 12-, and 24-month-old-mice. β-actin was used as a loading control. (D) Representative immunohistochemistry images of the hippocampal CA1 region showing Iba-1 and a schematic to graphically illustrate the Sholl analysis of microglial morphology (color dots indicate Sholl intersections and circle lines indicate Sholl sphere radius). The areas in black squares in the left panels are magnified on the middle panels. Sholl analysis images (right panels) of microglia in middle panels. Scale bar = 50 μm (left panel), 10 μm (middle panels), 10 μm (right panels). (E) Ramification index. (F) Average number of intersections at specified distances from the soma in microglia. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. LCN2, lipocalin-2; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; Iba-1, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1. *p < 0.05 versus 6M, †p < 0.05 versus 12M.
© Korean J Physiol Pharmacol
