Fig. 2. Effects of LCB 03-0110, tacrolimus, or tofacitinib on cell viability and phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK and P38) in HCE-2 cells.
(A) HCE-2 cells were treated with only KSFM, 1 µg/ml LPS, 25 µg/ml poly(I:C), LCB 03-0110 (0.3, 1, 3, and 9 μM), tacrolimus (0.3, 1, 3, and 9 μM) or tofacitinib (0.3, 1, 3, and 9 μM). Then, cell viability was estimated by counting viable cells using trypan blue staining. The data are presented as percentages compared with those of cells cultured in medium only. **p < 0.01 or *p < 0.05 indicates the viability of HCE-2 cells at 9 μM is significantly more than 80% for the three compounds (n = 4). (B, C) Representative Western blot analysis of phospho-ERK and phospho-P38. HCE-2 cells were treated with (B) 1 µg/ml LPS or (C) 25 µg/ml poly(I:C) in the presence of LCB 03-0110, tacrolimus, or tofacitinib (0.3, 1, 3, and 9 μM). (D–G) Densitometric analysis of Western blot data obtained from (B) and (C). Inhibitory effects of LCB 03-0110, tacrolimus and tofacitinib on phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK and P38) in (D, E) 1 µg/ml LPS- or (F, G) 25 µg/ml poly(I:C)-treated HCE-2 cells. The data are presented as a ratio compared with only LPS- or poly(I:C)-treated group in the absence of compounds. **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 compared with the only LPS- or poly(I:C)- treated group in the absence of compounds. The data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). HCE-2, human corneal epithelial cells; KSFM, keratinocyte serum-free medium; LPS, lipopolysaccharide.
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