Microscopic findings in negative control, clopidogrel, atorvastatin, PA9RA 5 mg/kg/day, 15 mg/kg/day, and 45 mg/kg/day treated groups
| Variable | Negative control | Clopidogrel, 25 mg/kg/day |
Atorvastatin, 10 mg/kg/day |
PA9RA, 5 mg/kg/day |
PA9RA, 15 mg/kg/day |
PA9RA, 45 mg/kg/day |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of animals per group | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 |
| Heart | ||||||
| Examined | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| No visible lesions | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Foam cells, aorta/intima | ||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| Slight | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jejunum | ||||||
| Examined | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| No visible lesions | 5 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| Zymogen granule (Paneth-like cell), cytoplasm, mucosa |
||||||
| Minimal | - | - | - | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Skin | ||||||
| Examined | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| No visible lesions | 6 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
| Foamy histocyte, deep dermis | ||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Slight | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0- | 0 |
| Hyperplasia, epidermis | ||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Spleen | ||||||
| Examined | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| No visible lesions | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 0 |
| Extramedullary hematopoiesis | ||||||
| Minimal | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Slight | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Moderate | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Stomach | ||||||
| Examined | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| No visible lesions | 6 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperplasia, forestomach, epithelium | ||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Slight | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Marked | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Inflammation, forestomach, submucosa | ||||||
| Slight | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Moderate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Eosinophilic crystalline inclusion, glandular stomach | ||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Globule leukocyte, glandular stomach, foveolar epithelium |
||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Slight | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Moderate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Hyperplasia, glandular stomach, foveolar epithelium |
||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Slight | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Inflammation, glandular stomach, submucosa | ||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Slight | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Moderate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Hyperplasia, limiting ridge, epithelium | ||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Slight | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Marked | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Inflammation, limiting ridge, submucosa | ||||||
| Minimal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Slight | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Moderate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
PA9RA, potassium retinoate.