Fig. 2. Effects of OPC on LPS-induced tubular injury
in vitro. (A) The role of OPC on morphological changes of mouse tubular epithelial cells (MTEC) triggered by LPS. MTEC cells were incubated with OPC (5 μM) for 1 h and challenged with LPS (5 μg/ml) and ATP (3 mM) for 1 day. Changes in cell morphology were determined using an inverted microscope (100×). Bar = 400 μm. (B) Effects of OPC on cell viability. Cell viability was tested using the MTT assay (n = 3). (C) Apoptotic staining of MTEC cells. MTEC cells were treated with OPC (5 μM) in a 6-well plate for 1 h and then incubated with LPS (5 μg/ml) + ATP (3 mM) for 1 day. Then, the apoptotic cells were determined using the Hoechst 33342 / PI staining. (D) Percentage of apoptotic cells. The p-values are indicated at the top of the bars. OPC, oligomeric proanthocyanidin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PI, propidium iodide; Ctrl, control. ###p < 0.001, ####p < 0.0001 versus control. ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 versus LPS.
© Korean J Physiol Pharmacol
