The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology

Table. 1. Table 1

Structural parameters of trabecular and cortical bone calculated from micro-CT images in mice

Days	Day 0	Day 12			Day 19

Group	Pre-treatment	Control	FPM	LPS	Control	FPM	LPS
Trabecular bone
BMD (g/cm³)	0.19 ± 0.03	0.19 ± 0.04	0.16 ± 0.04	0.10 ± 0.02^**	0.16 ± 0.04	0.14 ± 0.03^**	0.09 ± 0.02^**
BV/TV (%)	42.28 ± 10.35	39.02 ± 12.93	32.11 ± 12.10	12.34 ± 4.06^**	31.27 ± 11.10	25.59 ± 10.19^**	13.79 ± 3.92^**
Tb.Th (mm)	0.13 ± 0.02	0.13 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.01	0.12 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.01
BS/BV (1/mm)	29.94 ± 5.11	30.93 ± 6.08	35.62 ± 8.39	44.18 ± 4.25^**	34.33 ± 6.97	38.62 ± 8.99^*	40.98 ± 3.59^*
Tb.Sp (mm)	0.20 ± 0.05	0.21 ± 0.06	0.23 ± 0.05	0.42 ± 0.11^**	0.26 ± 0.06	0.34 ± 0.08^**	0.51 ± 0.13^**
Tb.N (1/mm)	3.30 ± 0.39	3.00 ± 0.69	2.71 ± 0.71	1.26 ± 0.41^**	2.52 ± 0.63	2.25 ± 0.68^**	1.33 ± 0.30^**
Cortical bone
BMD (g/cm³)	0.67 ± 0.02	0.68 ± 0.04	0.67 ± 0.03	0.66 ± 0.03	0.65 ± 0.02	0.64 ± 0.03	0.65 ± 0.05
Cs.Th (mm)	0.18 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.03	0.16 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.02	0.17 ± 0.03	0.15 ± 0.03
Ct.BV (mm³)	0.99 ± 0.09	1.10 ± 0.11	1.00 ± 0.14	0.88 ± 0.05	1.03 ± 0.13	0.91 ± 0.14	0.80 ± 0.12
MMI (mm⁴)	0.78 ± 0.11	0.92 ± 0.12	0.82 ± 0.13	0.71 ± 0.07	0.84 ± 0.15	0.73 ± 0.13	0.64 ± 0.06

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Pre-treatment group (Day 0) vs. control group, FPM-treated group, LPS-treated group. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, Kruskal–Wallis test. CT, computed tomography; FPM, fine particulate matter; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; BMD, bone mineral density; BV/TV, bone volume/total volume; Tb.Th, trabecular thickness; BS/BV, bone surface to bone volume ratio; Th.Sp, trabecular separation; Tb.N, trabecular number; Cs.Th, cross-sectional thickness; Ct.BV, cortical bone volume; MMI, mean polar moment of inertia.

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2025;29:9-19 https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.24.115