Fig. 6. GM-CSF is responsible for the resistance of DCs to DSF.
(A) Schematic overview of the experiment. (B) DCs were pretreated with or without baricitinib for 4 h. 10 ng/ml of GM-CSF was added (or not) and DCs were incubated for 24 h. 0–1 µM of DSF were treated and incubated for 48 h. The metabolic activity was measured by MTT assay. (C) DCs were cultured in a culture medium without GM-CSF + IL-4 for 48 h. The expression of XBP-1 in DCs was measured using qPCR with or without GM-CSF treatment for 24 h. Results are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical significance was performed by two-way ANOVA with Šídák’s multiple comparisons test and Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test (B), or unpaired t-test (C). **, **** indicate p < 0.01, 0.0001 respectively, compared to control DCs (DSF 0 µM). #, ##, #### indicate p < 0.1, 0.01, 0.0001 compared between the groups at the same concentration of DSF. GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; DSF, Disulfiram; DCs, dendritic cells; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylltetrazolium bromide; qPCR, quantitative real-time PCR; IL, interleukin.
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