Fig. 2. Effects of memantine and ifenprodil on N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E) removal in ARPE-19 cells.
(A) Schematic schedule of compound treatment. A2E accumulated in ARPE-19 cells after 5 μM A2E treatment three times at two-day intervals. A2E-laden ARPE-19 cells were treated with 1 μM memantine, 1 μM ifenprodil, or vehicle (CTR) twice at 24 h intervals. (B) The effects of memantine and ifenprodil on A2E levels in ARPE-19 cells were monitored using confocal microscopy. The fluorescence signals observed are Hoechst 33342 (blue) and A2E (green). Scale bar = 20 μm. (C) The observed A2E fluorescence signals were quantified using Image J software. Representative results are presented as the mean ± SD. (n = 3). ***p < 0.001 vs. A2E.
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