Table. 4.

Multiple linear regression analysis to assess the independent association of BRS, HRV, and AFT parameters (as dependant variables) with MetS risk factors (as independent variables) in the pre-MetS group, adjusted for age, gender, smoking, and alcohol history

Independent variable Dependent variables in pre-MetS
BRS SDNN RMSSD TP LF/HF E:I
ratio
30:15
ratio
ΔDBPIHG
WHtR
Beta (standardized) –0.259 0.006 –0.108 –0.101 0.019 –0.270 –0.103 –0.013
p-value 0.024* 0.955 0.394 0.408 0.886 0.032* 0.429 0.910
FPG
Beta (standardized) –0.418 –0.134 –0.273 –0.250 0.222 –0.303 –0.353 0.325
p-value 0.001* 0.155 0.009* 0.013* 0.046* 0.003* 0.001* 0.001*
TG
Beta (standardized) –0.006 –0.050 –0.141 –0.063 0.102 –0.144 –0.105 0.195
p-value 0.945 0.583 0.161 0.519 0.346 0.148 0.314 0.031*
HDL
Beta (standardized) 0.225 0.383 0.210 0.135 –0.108 0.032 0.076 –0.288
p-value 0.020* 0.001* 0.051 0.193 0.346 0.759 0.492 0.003*
RPP
Beta (standardized) –0.010 –0.151 –0.034 –0.053 0.050 0.034 –0.032 –0.071
p-value 0.925 0.146 0.765 0.627 0.679 0.759 0.781 0.464
Body fat%
Beta (standardized) –0.003 –0.180 –0.013 –0.243 0.076 –0.083 0.031 –0.110
p-value 0.979 0.108 0.915 0.041* 0.561 0.487 0.805 0.308

The values with an asterisk (*) indicate a significant p value (p<0.05). BRS, baroreflex sensitivity; HRV, heart rate variability; AFT, autonomic function test; MetS, metabolic syndrome; SDNN, standard deviation of normal to normal interval; RMSSD, square root of the mean squared differences of successive normal to normal intervals; TP, total power; LF, low-frequency power; HF, high-frequency power; E:I ratio, a ratio of maximum RR interval during expiration to minimum RR interval during inspiration following deep breathing; ΔDBPIHG, a maximum rise in diastolic BP above baseline following sustained handgrip; WHtR, ratio of waist-height; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; TG, triglyceride; HDL, high-density-lipoprotein; RPP, rate pressure product.

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2023;27:49-59 https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2023.27.1.49
© Korean J Physiol Pharmacol