Fig. 6. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) can up-regulate the level of autophagy in the myocardial tissue of type II diabetes rats.
(A) The ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes and the changes of autophagosomes in type II diabetes rats were observed under transmission electron microscope. The arrows indicate autophagosomes, and the part indicated by the arrows in the upper figure is enlarged in the lower figure. The TEM figure was observed under ×5,000 at 2 µm bar. (B, C) Western blot analysis of the expression changes of autophagy-associated proteins (including LC3II/I, Beclin1, Atg5, Atg16L1 and P62) in the myocardial tissue of the rats in the respective group. n = 3, *p < 0.05 vs. Control. #p < 0.05 vs. DC. (D, E) Western blot analysis of the expression changes of LC3II/I, Beclin1, Atg16L1 and P62 of H9c2 cardiomyocytes in the Control, HG, HG + SO2, HG + SO2 + HDX and SO2 groups. n = 3; *p < 0.05 vs. Control. #p < 0.05 vs. HG. $p < 0.05 vs. HG + SO2. (F) Immunofluorescence observation of Beclin1 expression in H9c2 cardiomyocytes from each group (magnification; ×10). (G) RT-qPCR detection of P62 mRNA expression in rat myocardial tissue, *p < 0.05 vs. Control; #p < 0.01 vs. DC, take GAPDH as a reference. Values are presented as mean ± SD. DC, diabetic cardiomyopathy; HG, high glucose.
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