Table. 1.

Effects of CARD on the final body weight, testicular weight, blood glucose, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR in all experimental groups

Variable Final body weight
(gm)
Testicular weight
(gm)
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) Fasting insulin
(µIU/ml)
HOMA-IR
Control 282.56 ± 1.76 1.68 ± 0.09 74.26 ± 2.98 15.04 ± 1.31 2.76
CARD 280.06 ± 2.85 1.71 ± 0.08 72.15 ± 2.25 16.09 ± 1.02 2.87
DM 221.33 ± 2.33* 1.09 ± 0.07* 384.27 ± 3.54* 5.78 ± 1.28* 5.48
DM + GLIB 255.66 ± 3.51*,# 1.29 ± 0.08*,# 143.32 ± 4.76*,# 12.61 ± 1.18*,# 4.46
DM + CARD 241.733 ± 2.59*,#,$ 1.49 ± 0.08*,#,$ 157.74 ± 3.79*,#,$ 11.89 ± 1.19*,#,$ 4.63
DM + GLIB + CARD 272.41 ± 2.31*,#,$,@ 1.56 ± 0.09#,$,@ 97.72 ± 4.37*,#,$,@ 14.57 ± 1.40#,$,@ 3.51

Values are presented as mean ± SD. CARD, normal rat supplemented with cardamonin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; DM, untreated diabetic group; DM + GLIB, diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide; DM + CARD, diabetic rats treated with cardamonin; DM + GLIB + CARD, diabetic rats treated with both glibenclamide and cardamonin. Test used: One-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey’s test. *Represents significance compared with the control group; #represents significance compared with the DM group; $represents significance compared with the DM + GLIB group; @represents significance compared with the DM + CARD group.

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2021;25:341-354 https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.4.341
© Korean J Physiol Pharmacol