Fig. 5. Eupatilin exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the level of inflammatory cytokines. (A) TNF-α and (B) IL-1β levels were measured in rat plasma (n = 7). Control group: saline + 0.1% CMC-Na, vehicle group: 7 g/kg ethanol + 0.1% CMC-Na, silymarin (positive control) group: 7 g/kg ethanol + silymarin 10 mg/kg, eupatilin 10 mg/kg: 7 g/kg ethanol + eupatilin 10 mg/kg, eupatilin 30 mg/kg: 7 g/kg ethanol + eupatilin 30 mg/kg, and eupatilin 100 mg/kg: 7 g/kg ethanol + eupatilin 100 mg/kg. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean. CMC-Na, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; ALD, alcoholic liver disease; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 vs. the control group, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. the vehicle group.
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